White – Our Ancestors, Our Narratives

The White Line, A Narrative — Four

This is Chapter Four of four. This is the concluding chapter that we are writing for the White family. They have been quite interesting, what with family legends at sea, modern reservoirs, a ship named Grumpus, Amish people, trees and vines…

This chapter will connect us to several other family lines which we have documented. These chapters are —

The Hoggarth Line, A Narrative — One and Two
The Peterman Line, A Narrative
The Bond Line, A Narrative — Seven

“Sadie, Sadie, Married Lady, That’s Me!”

Ralph Hiram White married “Sadie” i.e. Sarah Alice Elizabeth Hoggarth on August 23, 1924, in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. She was born December 18, 1898 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada — died September 8, 1989 in Kirtland, Lake County, Ohio. Sadie was the daughter of John Richard Hoggarth Jr. and Alice Lavina Nelson Weegar.

For more about Sadie’s life before she met Ralph, see, The Hoggarth Line, A Narrative — One and Two.

Sadie’s personality would best be described as vivacious. She had bright red hair which made her stand out when she entered a room. But the most distinctive characteristic she had was her voice: slightly higher pitched and sing-song like. Talking with her was a contest where you just tried to keep up (!) with her rapid delivery. Thanksgiving dinners were festive affairs, but the conversation always reached a loud fever pitch because Sadie always set the pace.

This is the first ancestor we’ve had who is named Sadie — and with great delight, we just couldn’t resist sharing this…

The film clip above is about 5 minutes and is from the movie Funny Girl, released in 1968. As sung by Barbra Streisand, the song “Sadie Sadie” is still memorable to this day. If the clip doesn’t load, it can viewed at this link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h51msoRqLSo

Ralph and Sadie lived lives anchored in two locations which were not very far apart from each other, on the east side of Cleveland. Their first census finds them living on 2164 Stearns Road, near an area referenced as University Circle. This neighborhood is famous for being a somewhat posh cultural hub. It was then and is now, “a busy cultural hub with institutions like the Cleveland Natural History Museum and the Museum of Contemporary Art, a modern mirrored structure with regularly changing exhibitions. Severance Hall hosts performances by the Cleveland Orchestra, and paths wind past roses and maple trees at the Cleveland Botanical Garden.” It is also the home of the famous Cleveland Museum of Art. (See footnotes).

However, trying to document this exact location sent us on a bit of an adventure, since urban renewal has altered the character of the section where they lived. In fact, it’s just about impossible to specifically map this, but we do know how to describe it.

2164 Stearns Road
1930 Census of Euclid, Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Note that Ralph’s cousin Leo is living with them.

The postcard image below characterizes what Stearns Road was like then. It shows the Normal School, located about one block from their apartment building. Since we know the address they lived at, the Cleveland City Directory for 1930 led us to a man named Dewey M. Cupps (unrelated to our family), who lived at that location. Perhaps he lived there just before they did since the 1930 Directory material would have been gathered before the 1930 Census? Did they know each other? What was especially interesting for us was this anecdote we came across regarding Mr. Cupps and his family: “In 1930 he and his wife and their daughter lived in an apartment they were renting for $35 a month at 2164 Stearns Road in Cleveland, OH. They did have a radio. He worked as a motorman for a street railway.” Interestingly, that $35 rent would translate to about $625 in today’s money. That $625 would never cover the current cost of rent in that area in today’s market. (So it seems that, Mr. Cupps had a good deal then!)

The Cleveland City Directory for 1932 lists Sadie and Ralph by name and indicates that he works as a foreman at the Dairymen’s Milk Company in Cleveland. The 1930 census had listed him as an auto mechanic, so he must have changed jobs. He worked for the Dairymen’s Milk Company for many years.

Top image: Vintage postcard of Stearns Road, Cleveland, Ohio in the 1930s very close to their apartment building. Middle: Entries from the 1930 and 1932 Cleveland City Directory.
Bottom: The Dairymen’s Milk Company where Ralph White worked in 1932. (See footnotes).

The throes of the Great Depression occured during the 1930s. The following excerpt from History.com gives a brief description of the Great Depression suffered by many, (see footnotes).

“The Great Depression was the worst economic downturn in the history of the industrialized world, lasting from 1929 to 1939. It began after the stock market crash of October 1929, which sent Wall Street into a panic and wiped out millions of investors. Over the next several years, consumer spending and investment dropped, causing steep declines in industrial output and employment as failing companies laid off workers. By 1933, when the Great Depression reached its lowest point, some 15 million Americans were unemployed and nearly half the country’s banks had failed.” (1)

Euclid Was Once Vineyards

In the 1930s, the White family had moved to the nearby Cleveland Metro area known as Euclid. We have always thought of Euclid as a community given over to much small industrialization. However, 50 years earlier it was quite different. “In the 19th century, the area was largely agricultural. Over 200 acres were given over to vineyards in the 1880s.” (Case Western Reserve University)

“By the turn of the 20th century, winemaking was thriving in Ohio, with dozens of wineries located along the shores of Lake Erie and thousands of gallons of wine produced in this region. The area’s reputation for delicious wines increased vineyards throughout southern Lake Erie, which became famous as the “Lake Erie Grape Belt. Despite Prohibition, which effectively wiped-out winemaking in Ohio…” (The History of Wineries and Vineyards in Ohio)

Top image: Greater Cleveland, Ohio area map indicating the location of the city of Euclid.
Center: 1810 East 227th Street home where the Ralph White family lived for more than 25 years.
Bottom: That exact street location for the home. (See footnotes).

1810 East 227th Street
1940 Census of Euclid, Cuyahoga County, Ohio.

The 1940 Census finds Ralph and Sadie as parents with two young children, Alice Ada (9) and Wayne (3). Ralph is still working at the Dairymen’s Milk Company. By the time of the 1950 Census, their children are teenagers and daughter Alice is attending high school. Ralph is now working as a garage manager in an auto repair business, and Alice is working as a switchboard operator. (2)

1810 East 227th Street
1950 Census of Euclid, Cuyahoga County, Ohio.

What Was Life Like in Euclid During the 1940s and 1950s?

“During World War II, Euclid came to be home to the Tapco defense plant at 23555 Euclid Ave. With that plant came housing projects on East 200th Street and at Briardale Avenue. The post-World War II boom, and the prosperity that went with it, made Euclid an ideal place for families. Neighborhoods were like little villages, boasting their own community centers and activities. Euclid, which had been described as being “out in the country” 15 years earlier, was now a thriving suburb.

With Euclid’s railroad lines and location just beyond Cleveland’s borders, industry poured in. These industries paid taxes, and soon the Euclid Schools rivaled the esteemed Shaker Heights schools as the best in the area. With jobs plentiful and top-notch schools, the population kept on growing.” (Euclid Sun Journal article)

So many previous generations of White family men were farmers… It is interesting to note that Ralph Hiram White seems to have rejected that way of life. Perhaps he didn’t find that path fulfilling as a young man living in rural Middlefield township? His brother Forrest had similarly also decided to not be a farmer, but a postman instead.

Likely, Ralph was also conditioned by the era he was living in, having married in the “Roaring 1920s”. Sadie had always lived in either urban, or suburban environments, so perhaps this was the best way for them to have a happy and successful marriage. We know that people then considered Euclid was to be a desirable area to raise a family in. We speculate that they chose that community because it was a good functional midpoint for the both of them: her family was not too far away, his family was not too far away — and so, they located in an area that seemed to be a halfway point and raised their family.

Ralph died in May 1951 at the relatively young age of 55, from cardio vascular renal disease. His wife Sadie lived on for nearly forty more years, passing on in 1989.

Their Euclidian senior high school yearbook photos: Left, Alice Ada (White) Cameron, circa 1950 and Right, Wayne Ronald White, circa 1954.

Alice Ada White married Neil Paul Cameron circa 1957 and they lived in northeast Ohio their entire lives. They did not have children. (See footnotes). Wayne White became our brother-in-law when he married our sister Jo Ann Bond. Their story follows next. (3)

Oh That Matchmaker Marylou!

When Wayne and Jo Ann first met, it was a type of circular story, because it led from suburban Euclid back to rural Geauga County where the White family had long been established. As Ralph White’s son, Wayne had grown up in the somewhat more cosmopolitan suburbs of mid-century Cleveland, in Cuyahoga County. However, it seems that he, unlike his father Ralph, must have had an affection for rural township life. His cousin Marylou Portman (related through his uncle, Forrest White), was the person who initially introduced Wayne to Jo Ann. Jo Ann was a senior at Newbury High School, where she and Marylou were friends. They graduated in 1957.

Jo Ann and Marylou are shown in the 1957 Newbury High School yearbook.

Wayne Ronald White, born July 1, 1936, Cuyahoga County, Ohio — died [unknown date] 2020, in Chardon, Geauga County. He married [First] Jo Ann Bond, October 5, 1958, in Newbury, Geauga County — divorced November 16, 1977, also in Geauga County. She was born May 9, 1939, in Bedford, Cuyahoga County — died August 6, 2010, Chagrin Falls, Cuyahoga County. (All locations are in Ohio).

Together they had two children:

Mark Alan White Sr., born 1959
Wendy Carol (White) Wright, born 1961

This was quite common for their generation…
Wayne and Jo Ann were married for 19 years, having married in 1958, at a young age. Nonetheless, as these things sometimes go, they both evolved and eventually grew apart. They decided to separate, and their marriage ended in a dissolution in November 1977.

In 1978, Wayne married a second time —
Wayne Ronald White married [Second] Sharon L. Stivers, September 16, 1978, Geauga County, Ohio. She was born February 3, 1943. They lived in Middlefield and Claridon townships in Geauga County. (4)

Top image: A mid-century map showing the southern portion of Geauga County, Ohio circa 1950. Middlefield > Burton > Newbury townships are highlighted to show the east to west drift of the successive generations of the White family. Bottom image: From the 1966 Ohio Department of Highways map, *“See The Wonderful World Of Ohio!”* indicating with the green star, where their home was in Newbury.

Through the 1960s and 1970s

Wayne and Jo Ann settled in Newbury township, Geauga County. Despite spending his youth in the Cleveland suburbs, he returned to the pattern of his forefathers —by being the third generation of his family to live in Geauga County. As explained in the maps above, the White family kept moving westward across Geauga County township-by-township, generation-to-generation: Middlefield > Burton > Newbury. This started with his Great-Great-Grandfather James White, who was one of the first settlers in the area, having arrived in the Western Reserve sometime before 1810.

This Ford Semi-truck is similar to one that Wayne would have driven during his employment with the Cleveland Freight Lines Company.

He preferred to do manual labor…
Similar to his father Ralph, Wayne literally steered toward jobs that were mechanical in nature. First he was partner at a small Texaco gas station in Newbury, then he went to work for Cleveland Freight Lines driving large semi-trucks as part of a delivery fleet. Lastly, he worked for the Andrews Moving and Storage Company helping others to relocate.

Their family life centered around their children…
Mark and Wendy benefited from many school clubs and extra curricular activities: camping, sports, Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts, and 4-H Clubs, which highlighted the end of summer at the Great Geauga County Fair. This fair “is Ohio’s oldest continuous county fair and home to one of the oldest existing agricultural societies in America. It is held annually in Burton, Ohio every Labor Day weekend as a ‘grand finale’ to the summer. It has been around for more than 200 years…” and “Many of the buildings on the grounds used today date back to the nineteenth century, [and are] listed on the National Register of Historic Places.” (Wikipedia)

The Wayne and Jo Ann White family in the 1960s and ’70s.
Upper left: Wayne, Jo Ann, Mark, and Wendy attending the July 1967 Bond family summer reunion. Upper right: Wendy, Wayne, and Mark at home, circa December 1970. Lower right: Wayne and Mark at the 1969 Great Geauga County Fair in Burton, Ohio. Lower right: Wendy practicing baton twirling in the summer of 1969. (Family photographs).

After the end of the marriage, Jo Ann returned to school to gain the practical skills she needed for gainful employment: she became a travel agent and worked in that vocation for 20 years. In the world then (prior to the vast changes the internet brought to the travel industry), everyone was heavily dependent upon travel agents to coordinate all of their travel needs. As such, travel agents could receive “perks” as part of their employment —where, for example, a cruise ship company might offer a free cruise to an agent so that the travel agent could get to know their product. Thus, Jo Ann traveled extensively throughout the Caribbean, (and likely sold a lot of cruise packages).

Most interestingly, at the beginning of her career she went to the mainland of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in late 1979, or very early in 1980. At the time, this was rather remarkable. She went as part of a group of travel agents who were among the first travel agents to be in China in many, many decades. Their mission was to learn about the newly-opened culture and to promote travel there.

A bit of background…
From Wikipedia, “From February 21 to 28, 1972, United States President Richard Nixon visited the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in the culmination of his administration’s efforts to establish relations with the PRC after years of U.S. diplomatic policy that favored the Republic of China in Taiwan. His visit was the first time a U.S. president had visited the PRC, and his arrival in Beijing ended 25 years of no communication or diplomatic ties between the two countries.” Further on, “Beginning in 1978 and 1979, Deng Xiaoping promoted the development of tourism for purposes of economic development. As tourism became an important means of obtaining foreign currency for the government, China emphasized its exotic qualities to international tourists.”

1979 Pan Am Airlines People’s Republic Of China World Tours VTG Travel Booklet. (Image courtesy of eBay.com).

Jo Ann recounted that the hotel facilities were not very comfortable, and we remember that the photographs showed many of the Chinese guides dressed in military fatigues while wearing red hats. Her photographs from that time are now lost. The world has changed very much since then, but the photos of her standing on the Great Wall of China were impressive and exciting. (5)

For more about Jo Ann’s life, see The Peterman Line, and A Narrative,
and The Bond Line, A Narrative — Seven.

Four Generations of Women Gathered In One Photo

In the mid-1960s, Four Generations of Women Gathered In One Photo, was taken. That original version featured the matriarch, Lulu (DeVoe) Gore, her daughter Marguerite (Gore) Bond, her daughter Jo Ann (Bond) White, and finally her daughter Wendy White. That was the first time ever that we had been able to document those relationships in one photograph. Alas, just like Jo Ann’s travel photos, any copies seem to be lost.

From a genealogical standpoint, it’s not often that we have a family photograph like this one.
Taken in 1996, it shows four generations of women who have contributed to the White family line. Starting with the eldest person who is seated on the right — our mother, Marguerite Lulu (Gore) Bond, standing in back — Jo Ann (Bond) White. Seated on the left, Wendy Carol (White) Wright, holding her daughter Emily Grace Wright. (Family photograph).

A little more than thirty years later (as pictured above), we again had the opportunity to document an update to Four Generations of Women Gathered In One Photo. This time, Lulu had long ago passed on, and Emily, Wendy’s daughter, was brand new.

Multiple generations of the White family have enriched our lives. It is because of the endurance and the sacrifices of these ancestors that we are here today — and we thank them for that privilege. (4)

Following are the footnotes for the Primary Source Materials,
Notes, and Observations

“Sadie, Sadie, Married Lady, That’s Me!”

(1) — twenty one records

Ralph White
Birth – Ohio, County Births, 1841-2003
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:X695-C4C
Book page: 250, Digital page: 159/319, Entry #5526, left page.

Ralph White
in the Ohio, U.S., Births and Christenings Index, 1774-1973
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2541/records/3357416

Ralph H White
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/42393802/ralph-h-white
Notes: Additional material from the findagrave.com website —
BIRTH: 13 Sep 1895
DEATH: 11 May 1951 (aged 55)
Source: Cleveland Press, Reel #127
“White, Ralph H., 1810 E. 227th St., Euclid, husband of Sadie (nee Hoggarth), father of Alice Ada and Wayne Ronald of Euclid, brother of Blanche Hickox and Forest (deceased).” Name: White, Ralph H., Obituary date: May 12 1951

Ralph Hiram White 1951 death certificate.

Ralph Hiram White
Death – Ohio, Deaths, 1908-1953
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:X6GK-Q7Q
Note: Death certificate

Ralph H White
in the U.S., Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/60901/records/3666670?tid=&pid=&queryId=f648f269-693a-4a17-88f3-e67e507d53fb&_phsrc=RGK4&_phstart=successSource
Note: Confirms birth and death dates.

Sarah E. “Sadie” Hoggarth White
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/68174060/sarah_e_white
Notes: Additional material from the findagrave.com website —
BIRTH: 18 Dec 1898 Toronto, Toronto Municipality, Ontario, Canada
DEATH: 8 Sep 1989 (aged 90) Kirtland, Lake County, Ohio, USA
Date: 1989-09-09
Source: Plain Dealer, pg. 10 sec. D

Sarah E. White
in the U.S., Social Security Death Index, 1935-2014
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3693/records/66932914?tid=&pid=&queryId=049e9dc6-9371-4bba-ac96-7b36ef769db2&_phsrc=Nif12&_phstart=successSource
Notes: Birth, December 18, 1898. Death, September 8, 1989

Sarah E Hoggarth
in the Cuyahoga County, Ohio, U.S., Marriage Records and Indexes, 1810-1973
1901-1925
Reel 076 > Marriage Records 1924 Jul – 1924 Dec
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1876/records/2726617
Book page: 235, Digital page: 235/1000, Last entry on the page.
Notes: Married on August 23, 1924.

Funny Girl | Sadie, Sadie, Married Lady | CineStream
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h51msoRqLSo
“A major critical and commercial success, Funny Girl became the highest-grossing film of 1968 in the United States and received eight Academy Award nominations. Streisand won the award for Best Actress for her performance, tying with Katharine Hepburn (The Lion in Winter)… Funny Girl is considered one of the greatest musical films ever. In 2016, Funny Girl was deemed “culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant” by the United States Library of Congress, and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.”

Newly Renovated Office/Lab Opportunity in University Circle
https://images1.showcase.com/d2/mBtoR0y_n996Dofd0VmNcwhhWgYG6tdWL9LE1rFnQUo/document.pdf
Note: For this text, “…a busy cultural hub with institutions like the Cleveland Natural History Museum and the Museum of Contemporary Art, a modern mirrored structure with regularly changing exhibitions. Severance Hall hosts performances by the Cleveland Orchestra, and paths wind past roses and maple trees at the Cleveland Botanical Garden.”

For the 2164 Stearns Road collage —
Cleveland Public Library Digital Gallery
Cleveland Normal School (postcard)
https://clevelandhistorical.org/index.php/files/show/4265
Cleveland City Directory 1930
https://cplorg.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16014coll29/id/41130
Book page: 1960, Digital page: 1952/2206
Note: The apartment is found here, for 2164 Stearns Road.
and
and for the Dewey Cupps reference:
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18261196/dewey-marquis-cupps
“In 1930 he and his wife and their daughter lived in an apartment they were renting for $35 a month at 2164 Stearns Road in Cleveland, OH. They did have a radio. He worked as a motorman for a street railway.”
and
Cleveland Public Library Digital Gallery
Cleveland City Directory 1932
https://cplorg.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16014coll29/id/11603/rec/6
Book page: 1362, Digital page: 1363/1938
Note: They are listed by name.
Cleveland Memory.org
Dairymen’s Milk Company (plant)
https://clevelandmemory.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/press/id/6651/

Calculate the Value of $35 in 1930
https://www.dollartimes.com/inflation/inflation.php?amount=35&year=1930
Note: In 2024, $35 is worth about $625.

Sarah A White
in the 1930 United States Federal Census
Ohio > Cuyahoga > Cleveland (Districts 251-500) > District 0367
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6224/records/73830227?tid=&pid=&queryId=37ad860c-04ec-407a-b577-c8e0885aea44&_phsrc=Nif2&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 5A, Digital page: 7/40, Entries 47 through 49.
Note: Their home address is: 2164 Stearns Road; location not available to map.

For the 1810 East 227th Street collage —
David Rumsey Map Collection
Outline map of Cuyahoga Co. Ohio
By D. J. Lake, circa 1871
https://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~359116~90125968

and
Cleveland Public Library Digital Gallery:
Plat Book of Cuyahoga County, Ohio Volume 5 (Hopkins, 1927-1943)
https://cplorg.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p4014coll24/id/4985/rec/9
Then click on this link:
Plate 23, Euclid Village
https://cplorg.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p4014coll24/id/5011/rec/9

History.com
Great Depression History
https://www.history.com/topics/great-depression/great-depression-history

Euclid Was Once Vineyards

(2) — five records

Case Western Reserve University
Encyclopedia of Cleveland History
Euclid
https://case.edu/ech/articles/e/euclid
“In the 19th century, the area was largely agricultural. Over 200 acres were given over to vineyards in the 1880s.”

The History of Wineries and Vineyards in Ohio
by Sabah Drabu
https://cookingenie.com/content/blog/the-history-of-wineries-and-vineyards/

Sarah White
in the 1940 United States Federal Census
Ohio > Cuyahoga > Euclid >18-128
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2442/records/30166899?tid=&pid=&queryId=83b8a363-f27a-420c-9311-d006f513f017&_phsrc=Nif4&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 1B, Digital page: 2/36, Entries 58 through 61.

Ralph Hiram White World War 2 draft registration card

Mrs Sarah Elizabeth White [for husband Ralph]
in the U.S., World War II Draft Registration Cards, 1942
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1002/records/120585725?tid=&pid=&queryId=6c95d513-928b-4847-a09b-30c93a011a36&_phsrc=Nif10&_phstart=successSource

Sadie White
in the 1950 United States Federal Census
Ohio > Cuyahoga > Euclid >18-144
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62308/records/209660545?tid=&pid=&queryId=7458b34d-ee15-4201-924a-7b9230ac8945&_phsrc=Nif6&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 87, Digital page: 92/96, Entries 3 through 6.

What Was Life Like in Euclid During the 1940s and 1950s?

(3) — eight records

Smith’s Restaurant & Cocktail Lounge, Route 283, Euclid, Ohio [postcard]
https://www.digitalcommonwealth.org/search/commonwealth:7p88ck46k

Euclid Sun Journal Had Front Seat to Euclid History
https://www.cleveland.com/euclidsunjournal/2009/07/euclid_sun_journal_had_front_s.html

Euclidian ((Euclid High School yearbook, 1950)
Euclid Senior High School
Alice White
https://archive.org/details/euclidian1950unse/page/28/mode/2up
Book page: 29, Digital page: 628/188, Right page, lower right corner.

Euclidian (Euclid High School yearbook, 1954)
Euclid High School
Wayne White
https://archive.org/details/euclidian1954unse/page/62/mode/2up
Book page: 62, Digital page: 62/218, Right page, upper right corner.

Alice Ada White Cameron
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/64105413/alice-ada-cameron?_gl=1*1phbsey*_gcl_au*NTk4MzA1ODk2LjE3MzM5MzU2MjE.*_ga*MTg0ODQyNTE3Ny4xNzMzOTM1NjIx*_ga_4QT8FMEX30*MWU3OTQyNzItNWU3OS00NmVlLTgxOWEtZDE2YmY0MTc4MWVjLjIuMS4xNzMzOTQ1ODM0LjQyLjAuMA..*_ga_LMK6K2LSJH*MWU3OTQyNzItNWU3OS00NmVlLTgxOWEtZDE2YmY0MTc4MWVjLjIuMS4xNzMzOTQ1ODM0LjAuMC4w
Notes: Additional material from the findagrave.com website —
BIRTH: 11 Feb 1931 Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, USA
DEATH: 4 May 2000 (aged 69) Garrettsville, Portage County, Ohio, USA
and
Alice Ada Cameron
in the U.S., Find a Grave Index, 1600s-Current
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/60525/records/23516688

Alice Ada Cameron
in the Ohio, U.S., Death Records, 1908-1932, 1938-2022
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/5763/records/45462?tid=856575&pid=6903443108&ssrc=pt

Neilan Paul Cameron obituary.
(He was the spouse of Alice Ada White).

Oh That Matchmaker Marylou!

(4) — sixteen records

Jo Ann Bond
in the U.S., School Yearbooks, 1900-2016
Ohio > Newbury > Newbury High School > 1957
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1265/records/410027197
Note: For Home Economics class photograph.

Wayne White
in the Ohio, U.S., Birth Index, 1908-2003
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3146/records/2662040?tid=&pid=&queryId=feab2f32-1670-470c-bd18-a363ff238cb2&_phsrc=LGc3&_phstart=successSource

Wayne White
in the Ohio, U.S., Death Records, 1908-1932, 1938-2022
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/5763/records/10516626

Jo Ann Bond
in the U.S., School Yearbooks, 1900-2016
Ohio > Newbury > Newbury High School > 1957
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1265/records/410026838?tid=&pid=&queryId=c818fe2f-0e0e-4e0d-a223-9586cfe7c310&_phsrc=LGc14&_phstart=successSource
Note: For her Senior Class graduation photo.

The following four documents are related to the adoption of Jo Ann Peterman Bond White by Dean Phillip Bond in 1948. The original documents were lost and in 1985, duplicate documents were sourced.

June 1985, Letter from Daniel Earl Bond to Clarence Arthur Peterman, Jr. requesting cooperation in providing evidence for adoption(s) of Jo Ann (Peterman) Bond by Dean Phillip Bond. (Family document).

1985 Telephone notes from Daniel Earl Bond’s correspondence with Clarence Arthur Peterman, Jr. ***Note:*** “She said she thinks he decided not to execute the form.”

Authorization form for adoption document duplicate.

Jo Ann (Bond) White in the Ohio, U.S., Death Records,
1908-1932, 1938-2018
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/8822354:5763

Wayne R. White
in the U.S., Newspapers.com Marriage Index, 1800s-current
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62116/records/500861666?tid=&pid=&queryId=811f5bdd-b4e7-41f0-a668-8a082aa0ab49&_phsrc=LGc5&_phstart=successSource
Note: For 1958 marriage to Jo Ann Bond.

Wayne White
in the Ohio, U.S., Divorce Abstracts, 1962-1963, 1967-1971, 1973-2007
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2026/records/3176060
Note: For 1977 marriage dissolution with Jo Ann White.

Mark White
in the Ohio, U.S., Birth Index, 1908-2003
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3146/records/7022981?tid=&pid=&queryId=a59f6c5c-a869-4c40-8023-82e483b17e53&_phsrc=zLu2&_phstart=successSource
Note: Certificate #1959093136

Wendy White
in the Ohio, U.S., Birth Index, 1908-2003
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3146/records/7834248?tid=&pid=&queryId=12a00a98-433b-4075-8ff6-dc1ec0a99c9c&_phsrc=zLu5&_phstart=successSource
Note: Certificate #1961098459

Wayne R White
in the Ohio, U.S., Marriage Abstracts, 1970, 1972-2007
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2025/records/794538?tid=&pid=&queryId=42e537cf-aa32-4836-8f72-c1a0b592aef3&_phsrc=LGc2&_phstart=successSource
Note: Marriage 1978 marriage to Sharon L. Stivers.

The National Archives
General Highway Map of Geauga County, Ohio
File:1950 Census Enumeration District Maps – Ohio (OH) – Geauga County – Geauga County – ED 28-1 to 28 – NARA – 26128376.jpg

See The Wonderful World Of Ohio!
1966, Ohio Department of Highways
https://www.oldmapsonline.org/en/Geauga_County,_Ohio?gid=2959dca8-9d79-5d71-914b-651274cf549a#position=9.0073/41.471/-81.263&year=1966

Through the 1960s and 1970s

(5) — five records

1961 Ford HD-1000 Diesel Tractor Truck
https://en.wheelsage.org/ford/h-series_trucks/ford_hd-1000_diesel_tractor_truck

Geauga County Fair https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geauga_County_Fair#:~:text=6%20External%20links-,History,Chardon%2C%20Ohio%20on%20October%2023.

1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1972_visit_by_Richard_Nixon_to_China

Tourism in China
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism_in_China

1979 Pan Am Airlines People’s Republic Of China World Tours VTG Travel Booklet
https://www.ebay.com.sg/itm/126864589042

The White Line, A Narrative — Two

This is Chapter Two of four. In this chapter we will write about Joseph White, his family and their 19th century lives, in the Trumbull and Geauga Counties of northeastern Ohio.

Tangible Artifacts

We have been fortunate with our ancestors Joseph and Belinda (Stitle) White, to have discovered a number of nice online photographic images of them. In the era we live in today, with nearly all photographs being created digitally, we benefit from and are grateful for the immediacy of an online electronic file. As such, electronic files don’t exist as tangible artifacts which you can satisfyingly hold in your hands.

With photographs having such immediacy today, does anyone remember what it was like to drop off your film at a local Fotomat, and then pick it up days later?

As it is now, if electronic files go offline, there goes the history (!) This family genealogy blog, by also being electronic, is of that same tentative type. For some of our ancestors we have no images. Even so, for others we are fortunate to have some [paper] photo prints, a couple of daguerreotypes, and even a couple of very old tin types.

We sometimes wonder if this clear absence of physical photographic artifacts will have an impact on the work of those genealogists who follow us? (1)

Together For Almost Half A Century

Joseph White was born on September 25, 1831, in Weatherfield township, Trumbull County, Ohio — died October 13, 1905 in Burton township, Geauga County, Ohio. On February 6, 1856, he married Belinda Stitle in Trumbull County. She was born about 1837, location unknown — died October 1902, Geauga County, Ohio. She was the daughter of Henry Stitle and Elizabeth Bowman. Joseph and Belinda had nine children, (see footnotes).

February 6, 1856 marriage record for Joseph White and Belinda Stitle

The portraits of Joseph White and Belinda Stitle are undated, but we believe that they are circa 1856, being done near the time of their marriage.

In the previous chapter, we saw in the 1850 Census that Joseph White was living at the home of his parents James and Elizabeth White in Weathersfield Township, Trumbull County, Ohio. After they married, they continued living in that township, likely near his parent’s home. According to the 1932 book, Family History of James White and Fannie Pittinger, (which we referred to in chapter one), “They lived in Trumbull County about six years, when they moved to the north-eastern part of Middlefield, Geauga County.” [Ongoing, this book will be referenced as Pittinger].

The James White property in Weatherfield township, from an 1874 map. (Image courtesy of Historic Map Works).

1860 Weathersfield Census for the Joseph White family.

The 1860 Weathersfield Census finds them living there, and the family is growing. His wife Belinda and their two oldest sons William and Lemuel are inferred by their initials. (Some of our family members are descended from Lemuel). Joseph is working as a farmer.

“The first settlers in [nearby] Cuyahoga County followed the usual pioneer routine. They made clearances, planted corn, buckwheat, and rye, fenced in garden patches, and kept oxen, cows, and swine. When the soil had been “tamed” by other crops, they sowed wheat. They carried on their activities in spite of malaria, the ravaging of crops by multitudes of squirrels, and attacks on their livestock by wolves. Many were really professional land clearers who, after a few years, moved on to repeat the farm-making process elsewhere. The remainder, like the incomers [to the Western Reserve] who bought partially cleared holdings, became regular farmers.” (Case Western Reserve University) (2)

If I Were A Carpenter…

When his wife Belinda was 8 months pregnant with their fourth son James Albert, Joseph signed up for the Civil War Draft Registration service. [Comment: We cannot know if this busy young father with many children at home, did this out of a patriotic spirit, or if he was encouraged to do so. His enlistment date was August 24, 1864 and his discharge date was July 18, 1865 — less than one year as the Civil War was coming to an end]. We learned these dates from the Ohio, U.S., Soldier Grave Registrations information, which also told a couple of other interesting things:

His enlistment record lists him as a carpenter, not a farmer.
Curious about this declaration, we scanned the enlistment lists, and saw that many of the people who were listed as farmers, ended up serving in the infantry. (This means that they marched around a lot!)
We speculated that somehow he learned that listing himself as a carpenter would allow him to be valued in a specialized manner. This idea makes sense because he served in the Navy, and not the Army.
We had never heard of Ohio having a Navy during the Civil War, but they did, and it had more to do with the Ohio River, rather than Lake Erie. This makes sense, since the river border the southern states.
We also noticed that the ship he served on was called the Grampus.

Seaman Joseph White, United States Civil War Navy recruit, likely boarded a train near Cleveland and made his way across Ohio to Cincinnati for his tenure of service. (3)

The Confederate Gunboat, Grumpus*

There were two ships with this odd name. The first was “a 252-ton stern-wheel river steamer, was built in 1856 at McKeesport, Pennsylvania, for civilian employment. Taken over by the Confederate Army [i.e., captured by them] in early 1862, she served as a transport and gunboat on the Mississippi River. Grampus was scuttled [purposefully sunk by Confederate forces] off Island Number Ten on 7 April 1862 when that fortification surrendered. However, she was apparently raised by Union forces and was probably destroyed by fire on 11 January 1863 under the name Grampus No. 2.”

“The second USS Grampus was a side-wheel steamer in the United States Navy… Originally named Ion, she was purchased by Rear Admiral David D. Porter for the U.S. Navy on 22 July 1863, at Cincinnati, Ohio, for US $9750. She was stationed at Cincinnati, Ohio, and used as a receiving ship for the Mississippi Squadron. By 14 November 1863, with Acting Master Elijah Sells in command, she was recognized as a ‘nice little receiving vessel in first-rate order,’ but contained no furnishings or weapons other than ten cutlasses and revolvers.” (Department of The Navy — Naval Historical Center)

This is likely where Joseph White put his carpentry skills to good use since this time period coincides with his enlistment dates. “With Acting Ensign C.W. Litherbury in command, Grampus remained at Cincinnati, Ohio, assisting in stripping of ships for conversion to gunboats, and effecting their delivery to fleet staging points for the Mississippi Squadron, principally Cairo, Illinois, and Mound City, Illinois.” (Wikipedia)

*Comment: With a name like Grumpus, doesn’t it sound like everyone was in a bad mood, or at least their nic-named Odd Uncle was having a tough day? (4)

Family Life in Middlefield and Burton Townships

After his service in the Navy during the Civil War, Joseph returned home to his family and that’s probably when he met his youngest son James for the first time. Pittinger records that, “they built for themselves a log house in the woods on land given to them by his father in the Spring of 1860 or 1861.” Since the Census of 1860 has them living in Weathersfield, it is probable that they moved after that census, or certainly after his Civil War service.

Middlefield township, Geauga County, Ohio. The upper right arrow indicates the first place they lived; the second lower left arrow, where they then moved.

Pittinger further states, “After a few years they sold this land and bought eighty acres one mile south of Middlefield Village and moved a house from the other side of the road to this land. Here they lived for several years…”

The Amish Community
Middlefield is renowned for its Amish community. In our modern era, the Amish might seem a bit anachronistic, but when the White family moved there, the Amish looked just like everybody else then. “The Amish are known for simple living, plain dress, Christian pacifism, and slowness to adopt many conveniences of modern technology.” (Wikipedia)

Late in the 19th century, “Amish from Holmes county, in search of fertile farm land, started migrating north into Geauga county, settling in Middlefield township… [this] community is the second largest settlement in Ohio and the fourth largest settlement In North America. Among the businesses are furniture, leather, bakeries, machine shops, stores and construction companies. Some Geauga County Amish supplement their income selling maple syrup, tapping into the extensive maple forests in the area.” (Middlefield Township History)

With the household crowded with the energy of four sons and one daughter, it’s rather nice to see that in the 1870 Census, Belinda finally has some help around the home. Elizabeth Watter, from Massachusetts and aged 47, is there is to help with all the never-ending chores.

The 1870 Census for Middlefield township, Geauga County, Ohio.

The Smithsonian Institution reminds us that a farmer’s wife “had their spheres of responsibility on the busy, self-sufficient farms of the era. As always, the family was the first concern of a homemaker, as she did the housework and child care. In addition, however, she would be responsible for the poultry, the dairy cows, the care of the milk and butter, the garden and the preserving of food for winter. Laundry, ironing, cooking, baking, sewing and mending took much of her waking hours. She also might be called on for occasional light work in the fields, but the mores of the era argued that women didn’t do field work. This was just as well, since she was busy from morning to night with her own work, in addition to being pregnant or nursing through most of her work years.” Observation: Neither of us will complain anymore about having too much to do.

Even though they seemed to prosper in Middlefield — in 1872, “they moved to Burton [the township next door] where they spent the remaining years of their lives.” (Pittinger)

It seems that the White family continued steadily forward season-to-season. Their lives, although filled with hard work, improved and they prospered. As we can see on the 1880 census below, even as the parents were in their 40s, their house continued to be filled with children. At this point, their oldest ones would soon start to create their own families within the community. However, we can’t learn anything more about the Whites (from the Census) for the next 20 years.

The 1880 Census for Burton township, Geauga County, Ohio.

The 1890s Census
Unfortunately, the 1890 Census was destroyed by a fire in 1921 at the Commerce Department Building in Washington, D.C. Actually, there was more than one fire, the first one occurring in 1896. First with these fires, then with the further catastrophic damage from the water used to put out the fires, then improper storage of the tatters that remained — the 1890 Census is considered to be utterly lost. (5)

Destruction of the 1890 Census by the Great Fire of 1921 at the Commerce Department Building
in Washington, D.C. (Image courtesy of raogk.org).

The Making of Modern America

As the century wound down, we observed in the 1900 census much change within the White Family in the last 20 years. Many of their children have moved out of the home. We still see living there sons Milo (37), and Perry (24), both working as farm laborers, and daughter Lillie Belle (21), working as a school teacher.

Though their life was rural, Modern America was unfolding before their eyes — “The end of the 19th century saw the advent of new communication technologies, including the phonograph, the telephone, and radio; the rise of mass-circulation newspapers and magazines; the growth of commercialized entertainment, as well as new sports, including basketball, bicycling, and football, and appearance of new transportation technologies, such as the automobile, electric trains and trolleys.” (Digital History, Overview Of The Gilded Age)

Joseph White, circa late 1880s and 1890s. The background images are scenes of Burton township that era and are from the Burton Memory Project.

As a contrast to all this change, the photo montage above shows scenes from Burton township toward the final period of Joseph and Belinda White’s lives. We believe that the handsome photograph of him (above center) is from this period. Belinda White passed on in 1902, and Joseph White passed on a few years later, in 1905. Their lives were spent almost entirely within the arc of the 19th century.

For much of their lives, photography was expensive and formal, used to document only very special occasions. We rather like this informal snapshot of the Whites, showing them in a casual moment, waiting patiently, not quite sure how to pose for the camera. No doubt it was taken by someone who was happy to use a new portable camera to take a quick ‘snap’ of mom and dad.

In the next chapter, we will be writing about the second oldest son of this family, Lemuel White. He is the Great-Great-Grandfather of some of our family members. (6)

Following are the footnotes for the Primary Source Materials,
Notes, and Observations

Tangible Artifacts

(1) — one record

Rare Historical Photos
Fotomat: Remembering America’s Drive-Through Photo Processing Booths of the 1980s
https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/fotomat-old-photos/
Note: For the Fotomat “Drive Thru” photograph.

Together For Almost Half A Century

(2) — fourteen records

Joseph White
in the Web: Ohio, Find A Grave Index, 1787-2012
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/70559/records/630229?ssrc=pt&tid=49710386&pid=13176192222
and
Joseph White
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/43606915/j-whit
Notes: Additional material from the findagrave.com website —
BIRTH: 25 Sep 1831, Weathersfield Township, Trumbull County, Ohio, USA
DEATH: 13 Oct 1905 (aged 74)
“Joseph White was a farmer in Middlefield. He was the son of James White and Elizabeth Irwin of Weathersfield Twp. He was a Civil War veteran.”
Day of Death: 7 Sources incl. Geauga Co OH VR & Cemetery Records, compiled by Jeannette Grosvenor and the GCGS. Sometimes an online Ohio DC or obituary was the source for dates, locations, relationships. The Geauga Co Archives photo is used with their permission.

Joseph White
in the Ohio, U.S., County Marriage Records, 1774-1993
Trumbull > 1833 – 1870
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61378/records/3883808?tid=&pid=&queryId=4ced6a08-68b7-4ff3-98cf-25e08d1f9408&_phsrc=Ftd3&_phstart=successSource
(Joseph)Book page: 253, Digital page: 127/498

Belinda (Stittle) White
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/43606997/belinda_white
Notes: Additional material from the findagrave.com website —
BIRTH: 1837, Lordstown, Trumbull County, Ohio, USA
DEATH: Oct 1902 (aged 64–65), Ohio, USA
The short biographical at the top says Belinda was the daughter of Henry and Elizabeth Stittle (or Stitle).

They had nine children, which are more than listed on the findagrave.com website, as follows:

William Henry White, 1856 — 1944
Lemuel White, 1858 — 1938
(Some of our family members are descended from Lemuel).
Joseph Milo White, 1861 — 1949
James Albert White, 1864 — 1918
Mary E (White) Fowler, 1867 — 1943
Charles E White*, 1870 — 1954
Lucy Ann (White) Donaldson, 1873 — 1956
Perry White, 1876 — 1958
Lillie (White) Dayton, 1878 — 1954

*Observations 1: There is some confusion with the name of this child. We have speculated that this might have been a twin birth of two boys: Robert and Charles. It is interesting to observe that the name “Robert” is overdrawn on the census sheet in another pen, and that the baby is one month old. However, the census was recoded in March, so this points to a February 1870 birthday, when the birth is listed as May 26, 1870. (see Observation 2) So what’s going on with this census?
Joseph White
in the 1870 United States Federal Census
Ohio > Geauga > Middlefield
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7163/records/38826285
Book page: 5, Digital page:5/37, Entries 31 through 39.

Observation 2: This file records a May 26, 1870 birth date for a Robert White. There is no record for a boy named Charles in this period. It is not clear if this is the date the birth was recoded, or it is the actual birthdate.
Birth – Ohio, County Births, 1841-2003
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:X692-SF2
Book pages: 28-29, Digital page: 47/319, Last entry on the page.

Observation 3: It is highly unlikely that when having twins, one preceded the other by two months (and then perhaps died?) We know that Charles White existed and that he used May 26, 1870 as his birthdate. Perhaps they just had a difficult time trying to name this baby?
Charles E White —
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/68152107/charles_e_white

Information on Belinda Stitttle’s parents found in the gallery section of this link. (For names and dates only. Do not use for other information).
https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/193290280/person/182514484827/facts

[Portrait of Joseph W. White]
Joseph W. WHITE
https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/tree/193290280/person/182514484792/media/d060d988-9081-4ec8-a710-a32dddb90b3e

[Portrait of Belinda O. Stittle]
Belinda O. STITLE
https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/tree/193290280/person/182514484816/media/99946359-9d39-4559-885a-7221de641b12

Family History of James White and Fannie Pittinger and their descendants
by Andrew J. White and Franc White
https://archive.org/details/familyhistoryofj00unse
Note: Pages 100-101 for family profile.

Historic Map Works
ITEM #US20160
Weathersfield Township
From Trumbull County 1874, Ohio
Published by L. H. Everts in 1874
https://historicmapworks.com/Map/US/20160/Weathersfield+Township/
Note: For their first residence in Weathersfield by the James White home.

Joseph White
in the 1860 United States Federal Census
Ohio > Trumbull > Weatherfield
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7667/records/42167378
Book page: 114, Digital page: 2/76, Entries 8 through 11.
Note1: They are living next door to his brother John White’s family.
Note 2: His wife Belinda and their two oldest sons William and Lemuel are inferred by their initials.

Case Western Reserve University
Encyclopedia of Cleveland History
Agriculture
https://case.edu/ech/articles/a/agriculture

If I Were A Carpenter…

(3) — five records

Joseph White
in the U.S., Civil War Draft Registrations Records, 1863-1865
Ohio > 19th > Class 1, L-Z, Volume 2 of 4
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1666/records/1151389?tid=&pid=&queryId=39b64cdb-0ea9-4522-969f-ac79b801a601&_phsrc=ZiX6&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 581, Digital page: 555/624, Entry line 15.
Note: The ledger for this record has an entry date of June 27, 1863.

Enlistment Date	24 Aug 1864
Discharge Date	18 Jul 1865
Death Date	1905
Burial Place	Middlefield, Ohio, USA
Cemetery	Middlefield
Branch of Service	Nav

Joseph White
in the Ohio, U.S., Soldier Grave Registrations, 1804-1958
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61438/records/295185?tid=&pid=&queryId=9d684c8c-0e68-4498-b68a-f5cd31af2fc1&_phsrc=ZiX1&_phstart=successSource
Note: Viewing this file requires a Fold3 membership.

Department of The Navy — Naval Historical Center
Online Library of Selected Images: Ships of the Confederate States
CSS Grampus (1862-1862)
https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/OnlineLibrary/photos/sh-us-cs/csa-sh/csash-ag/grampus.htm
“CSS Grampus, a 252-ton stern-wheel river steamer, was built in 1856 at McKeesport, Pennsylvania, for civilian employment. Taken over by the Confederate Army in early 1862, she served as a transport and gunboat on the Mississippi River. Grampus was scuttled off Island Number Ten on 7 April 1862 when that fortification surrendered. However, she was apparently raised by Union forces and was probably destroyed by fire on 11 January 1863 under the name Grampus No. 2.”
Note: For the historical information and the scuttled ships illustration.

Naval History and Heritage Command (for Grumpus ship images)
https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/our-collections/photography/numerical-list-of-images/nhhc-series/nh-series/NH-53000/NH-53762.html
Note: For the historical information and the ship in battle illustration.

USS Grampus (1863)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Grampus_(1863)

Family Life in Middlefield and Burton Townships

(4) — eleven records

Joseph White
in the 1870 United States Federal Census
Ohio > Geauga > Middlefield
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7163/records/38826285
Book page: 5, Digital page: 5/37, Entries lines 31 through 39.
Note 1: They have now relocated to Middlefield, Geauga County, Ohio.
Note 2: In addition to wife Belinda, children are: (Wiliam) Henry, Lemuel, (Joseph) Milo, James, Mary, and Robert, who is one month old.
Note 3: Household servant Elizabeth Watter from Massachusetts.

The Smithsonian Institution
The Changing Role of Women on the Farm
by Eleanor Arnold
from Family Farming In The Heartland
https://folklife-media.si.edu/docs/festival/program-book-articles/FESTBK1991_10.pdf

Cover for the *Atlas of Lake and Geauga Counties 1874, Ohio*.

Atlas of Lake and Geauga Counties 1874, Ohio
Published by Titus, Simmons and Titus in 1874
In General: https://cplorg.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p4014coll25/id/163
Middlefield [map] https://cplorg.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p4014coll25/id/242

Amish
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish

11 Hidden Wonders of Amish Country That Redefine Rural America
https://www.journee-mondiale.com/en/11-hidden-wonders-of-amish-country-that-redefine-rural-america/
Note: For Amish carriage image.

Middlefield Township History
The Rich History of Middlefield Township
https://middlefieldtownship.us/history/

Atlas of Lake and Geauga Counties 1874, Ohio
Published by Titus, Simmons and Titus in 1874
Burton [map] https://cplorg.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p4014coll25/id/240

Historic Map Works
ITEM #US20291
Burton Township
From Geauga County 1900, Ohio
Published by Stranahan, H. B. and Company in 1900
https://historicmapworks.com/Map/US/20291/Burton+Township/Geauga+County+1900/Ohio/
Note: For Joseph White Burton township property detail.

Joseph White
in the 1880 United States Federal Census
Ohio > Geauga > Burton > 067
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6742/records/23353169
Book page: 19, Digital page: 17/22, Entries 2 through 12
Note 1: They have now relocated to Burton, Geauga County, Ohio.
Note 2: In addition to wife Belinda (recorded as Melinda), children are: Wiliam Henry, Lemuel, Joseph (Milo), James, Mary E., Charles E., Lucy A., Perry and an Unnamed Daughter, one month old. (Could this be Lillie?)
Note 3: Lillie’s reported birth year on the 1900 Census is 1878.
Note 4: Son Robert from the previous census is absent. (He did not survive).

1890 — The 1890 census has not survived.
Random Acts of Genealogical Kindness
Fate of the 1890 Population Census
https://raogk.org/census-records/1890-fire/
Note: For illustration and historical information.

The Making of Modern America

(5) — six records

Digital History
Overview Of The Gilded Age
https://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/era.cfm?eraid=9&smtid=1

Joseph White
Ohio > Geauga > Burton > District 0043
in the 1900 United States Federal Census
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7602/records/40096127
Book page: 14, Digital page: 27/38, Entries 21 through 25.
Note: Children present are Milo, Perry, and Lillie B.

Joseph W. White [Portrait as an older man]
Joseph W. White
https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/collection/1030/tree/49710386/person/13176192222/media/8d39039b-e965-46e9-a0a8-63f0adb1ae6f?queryId=12b514cb-2b3f-4e86-a421-619ca714e7ef&searchContextTreeId=&searchContextPersonId=&_phsrc=XhQ1&_phstart=successSource

Burton Collage:
The Cleveland Memory Project
Burton Memory Project
https://www.clevelandmemory.org/burton/

[Jpseph W. White and Belinda O. Stitle photograph, circa 1900]
Jester-White Family Photos_0002
https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/collection/1030/tree/169247482/person/142193537622/media/cfab5e55-dcf3-4b90-a316-ff8ba2b98190?queryId=d604decd-05d3-4736-8be0-d387bf974f0d&searchContextTreeId=&searchContextPersonId=&_phsrc=mkz17&_phstart=successSource

Joseph W White
in the Ohio, U.S., Wills and Probate Records, 1786-1998
Geauga > Probate Files, Vaughn, Jesse-Whitmore, Stephen
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8801/records/13935968?tid=&pid=&queryId=df692af4-633f-43bd-a63f-e64b23fbe746&_phsrc=kju25&_phstart=successSource
Notes: There are 11 images in this file. Joseph died intestate, meaning that he did not leave a Will.

The White Line, A Narrative — Three

This is Chapter Three of four. We continue this narrative about the White family moving forward through the end of the 19th century and into the first parts of the 20th century.

The Trees and The Vines

Let’s begin with Lemuel White, the son of Joseph and Belinda (Stitle) White.He was born September 16, 1858, Weathersfield township, Trumbull County, Ohio — died March 12, 1938 in Burton, Geauga County, Ohio. He married Jennie Ada Browne on December 21, 1889. She was born November 4, 1858 in Ohio — died April 17, 1930 in Middlefield township, Geauga County, Ohio. Her parents were Hiram Brown and Maria (Burnett) Brown.

Lemuel White and Jennie Ada Brown, circa 1889. We believe that these portraits were done around the time that they were married.

We were curious about the fact that these ancestors were married on the last possible day of 1889 — December 31, 1889 to be precise. It was a Tuesday. Was this date considered Good Luck for the New Year? Was there some sort of looming deadline? It was also just a bit noticeable that this was the first marriage for either of them, and that they were both 31 years old.

We wish that we knew how they met. Not knowing is just annoying, because the possibilities are many. On the midway of the county fair? Introduced by friends at a dance? A church social? We will never know the details, but the thing is, they did marry and we’re glad they did because some of our family members would not be here had they not married.

Eventually, together they had three children:

Blanche Marie (White) Hickox, 1892 — 1949
Forest Lemuel White, 1894 — 1947
Ralph Hiram White, 1895 — 1951
(Some of our family members are descended from Ralph).

This family is truly about being anchored in one place. As farmers, they literally planted themselves on the landscape and worked on the farm for years. Lemuel and his wife Jennie Ada, as well as their two older children, all stayed local by living in rural Geauga County. Their youngest son, from whom some of our family members are descended, seemed eventually to be cut from a different quilt.

The 1890 census was destroyed in a fire — please see The White Line, A Narrative — Two, for details about that tragedy. If we look at the four censuses which follow the lost 1890 Census, we can see a familiar pattern realized.

1900 Census of Burton township, Geauga County, Ohio.

1910 Census of Burton township, Geauga County, Ohio.

1920 Census of Burton township, Geauga County, Ohio.

1930 Census of Burton township, Geauga County, Ohio.

Observation: With our ancestors, some people grow tall like The Trees, their roots anchored deeply into the Earth. And some people grow like The Vines, seeking out new horizons as they spread out across the World’s surface. We are blessed with both – our family lines are filled with both The Trees and The Vines, which makes writing about them much more satisfying. (1)

Burton Township and The Village Green

Burton township was the first permanent settlement in Geauga County. “In 1796, surveyors for the Connecticut Land Company designated an area five miles square surrounding this place as Range 7, Township 7 of the Connecticut Western Reserve. A landowner’s expedition on June 15, 1798, arrived at the northwest corner of the township. One of its members, Thomas Umberfield (Umberville) brought his family to the center of the township (now Burton Village) on June 21, 1798.

Here they built the first home, a simple log cabin located southwest of the spring at the end of Spring Street. The owner of the largest parcel of land in the township, Titus Street, was given the honor of naming the township. He named it after his son, Burton.” (Ohio History Connection)

If you gaze at the map below you can observe a town center, somewhat oval in shape, surrounded by a small grid of streets. This grid quickly yields to meandering country roads. This center area is the Village Green, the anchor for the town. It is also sometimes called The Square (even though that is not the true shape). This village green/historic district is now on the National Register of Historic Places. (See footnotes).

1927 Tax Map indicating the properties of the Lemuel White family
in Burton township, Geauga County, Ohio. It appears that Lemuel had the smaller piece of property labeled No. 50 above in 1900. In 1927, it looks like he had taken over the major portion of the property labeled No. 59 which used to belong to his father Joseph.

“In early Connecticut villages, the Village Green was surrounded by churches, the town hall, and prominent houses. The green was the common land to be used by the people of the township. When settlers arrived in the Connecticut Western Reserve, they chose the same pattern for their villages. This Village Green, platted on July 10, 1798, was given by the original landowners as a gift to the Township of Burton on October 5, 1803.

Some of the early uses of the Village Green in Burton have been to serve as a common pasturing area for farm animals, drilling area for the local militia, place for Independence Day celebrations, site for early agricultural exhibitions, and for maple sugaring. At different times, the school, church, and town hall were located on this green.” (Ohio History Connection)

Some of the imagery shown below is from the period when the Lemuel White family lived in the community. (2)

Top image: Vintage postcard showing the original log cabin Sugar House in the village green, date unknown. [This is where maple syrup is made]. Middle image, left: The Parmalee Brothers quail hunt April 1899. Middle image, right: 1915 poster for The Great Geauga County Fair. Bottom image: From 1909, an image of the west side of Main Street. (All images are courtesy of the Burton Memory Project ).

Lemuel, Jennie Ada, and Their Children

The family photograph below lets us appreciate the different generations of this family. Standing behind Jennie Ada and Lemuel are their three children — so let’s learn a bit more about them.

The White Family, from left to right: Ralph, Jennie Ada, Blanche, Lemuel, and Forrest, date unknown.

Blanche Marie (White) Hickox
The eldest child, she was born on October 3, 1892 — died May 30, 1949. She married John Lynn Hickox whose family were old and early pioneers in the area. Noted by a descendant of her son on the right photo below, “Bob’s mother. She died on May 30, 1949 of a stroke as her brother and family were leaving after a visit here on the farm where I now live. Her youngest son Leonard was on his senior trip at the time.” —Trudy Hickox—

Top left: (Young) Blanche Marie White, year unknown. Top right, (Adult) Blanche, year unknown.
The bottom image is of the Hickox family home near the village green in Burton township.
(House image from the Burton Memory Project).

Forrest Lemuel White
The photo below shows Forrest, who was the middle child. He was born January 16, 1894 — died, February 12, 1947. He was a lifelong resident of the area, spending much of his adult life in the neighboring township of Middlefield. He was married two times, first to Josephine (Hubrath) White who died in 1928. Then to his second wife Edith Isabelle (Powell) White, who survived him. He was active in the Volunteer Fire Department, the Knights of Pythias charitable fraternity, and was the mail carrier for Rural Route One for 21 years.

Top left: Forrest Lemuel White, date unknown. Top right: Colorful membership certificate for the Knights of Pythias charitable fraternity (Wikipedia). Bottom image: Even though this isn’t him, this photo represents what a tough job being a mail carrier would be in the winter time!
(Bottom photo courtesy of the Smithsonian Institution).

Ralph Hiram White
We save the best for last! (We are only writing that because some of our family members are descended from Ralph). He was born September 13, 1895 — died, May 11, 1951. If you look carefully at his WWI Draft Registration card, you can see that at the age of 21 years, he identifies himself as working as a farmer along with his father.

Ralph Hiram White World War I draft registration card.

That seems to be something that was destined to change within a few years. Unlike his two older siblings, he did not stay local, but moved north into the suburban cities of Cleveland Heights and Euclid, Ohio where he lived for the remainder of his life. Why this change away from many generations of his family being farmers? We’ve considered this for some time, and we have some thoughts… (3)

Generational Change

All of the White family children of this generation were born in the 1890s. This decade heralded many changes. “The period 1900 to the great stock market crash of 1929, was one of dramatic change in American society in general, agriculture in particular…. During this period, the Wright Brothers demonstrated their new flying machine at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, America opened the Panama Canal, a World War was fought and won…” (Frederick Jackson Turner, The Significance of the Frontier in American History).

The Khan Academy tells us in the article America Moves to The City, “Americans increasingly moved into cities over the course of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a movement motivated in large measure by industrialization. By 1920, more Americans lived in cities than in rural areas for the first time in US history…

In the United States the industrial revolution came in two waves. The first saw the rise of factories and mechanized production in the late 1700s and early 1800s and included steam-powered spinning and weaving machines, the cotton gin, steamboats, locomotives, and the telegraph. The Second Industrial Revolution took off following the Civil War with the introduction of interchangeable parts, assembly-line production, and new technologies, including the telephone, automobile, electrification of homes and businesses, and more.

The businesses and factories behind the industrial revolution were located in the nation’s towns and cities. Eleven million Americans migrated from the countryside to cities in the fifty years between 1870 and 1920. During these same years an additional 25 million immigrants, most from Europe, moved to the United States—one of the largest mass migrations in human history—and while some settled on farms, most moved into the nation’s growing towns and cities.“

So Ralph was right in step with his era — perhaps he preferred to live a life away from rural America and migrate into the opportunities afforded by living in the Cleveland inner suburbs. Cleveland was the 5th largest city in America by 1920. (See footnotes).

In the next chapter, which is the last one for The White Line, A Narrative, we will write about Ralph’s family life with his wife Sadie (Hoggarth) White and their children. Our sister Jo Ann (Bond) White, was married to Ralph’s son Wayne White. As he was once our brother-in-law, we spent much time in our youth with their family. (4)

Following are the footnotes for the Primary Source Materials,
Notes, and Observations

The Trees and The Vines

(1) — twelve records

Lemuel White
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/32512778/l-whit
Notes: Additional material from the findagrave.com website —
BIRTH: 16 Sep 1858 Ohio, USA
DEATH: 12 Mar 1938 (aged 79), Ohio, USA

Lemuel White
in the Ohio, U.S., Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Center Obituary Index, 1810s-2016
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1671/records/2301646
Note: His obituary.

Lemuel White
in the Geneanet Community Trees Index
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62476/records/5563616506
Note: His birth place is listed as Weathersfield township in Geauga County, but that location is actually in Trumbull County.

[Portrait of Lemuel White]
Lemuel White
https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/collection/1030/tree/49710386/person/13176201095/media/1c51dceb-5877-4c48-a429-dfb85b663e7e?queryId=b0d829fd-9003-4d57-b6ac-e97e717f9c6a&searchContextTreeId=&searchContextPersonId=&_phsrc=Nzf5&_phstart=successSource

Jennie Ada Brown White
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/32512931/jennie_ada_white
Note 1: Additional material from the findave.com website —
BIRTH: 4 Nov 1858, Ohio, USA
DEATH: 27 Apr 1929, (aged 70), Middlefield, Geauga County, Ohio, USA
Note 1: The findagrave website website lists only two children, but she had three: Blanche Marie (White) Hickox, Forrest Lemuel White, and Ralph Hiram White.
Note 2: Her death date on both the Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Center Obituary Index and her grave marker indicates 1930, not 1929.

[Portrait of Jennie Ada (Brown) White]
Jennie Ada Brown WHite
https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/collection/1030/tree/49710386/person/13423844714/media/dd66d4e4-839c-48b5-90cb-9c4b202c45a2?queryId=f4badb04-3e9c-4a52-a642-b502a9dae7e0&searchContextTreeId=&searchContextPersonId=&_phsrc=Nzf10&_phstart=successSource
Note: Written at the source for this file, “Jennie Ada Brown White was born in November 1858 and died April 27, 1930. She gave birth to 8 children, yet only 3 lived: Blanche Marie (my husband’s mother), Forrest Lemuel and Ralph Hiram White.”
— Trudy Hickox

Jennie Ada White
in the Ohio, U.S., Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Center Obituary Index, 1810s-2016
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1671/records/2216737
Note: Her obituary.

Lemuel White
in the Ohio, U.S., County Marriage Records, 1774-1993
Geauga > 1877-1899
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61378/records/1024610
Book page: 160, Digital page: 267/447, Left page, middle entry.

Lemuel White
in the 1900 United States Federal Census
Ohio > Geauga > Burton > District 0043
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7602/records/40096118?tid=&pid=&queryId=0140b2ee-a246-47df-a1fe-d860e8bc1a34&_phsrc=ttI2&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 14, Digital page: 27/38, Entries 21 through 24.
Note: Their three children are already born, Blanche (7), Forrest (6), Ralph (4).

Lemuel White
in the 1910 United States Federal Census
Ohio > Geauga > Burton > District 0053
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7884/records/21706834
Book page: 9, Digital page: 11/17, Entries 45 through 49.

Lemuel White
in the 1920 United States Federal Census
Ohio > Geauga > Burton > District 0061
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6061/records/33650965
Book page: 3B, Digital page: 6/24, Entries 59 through 63.
Note: They have a Hired Hand.

Lemuel White
in the 1930 United States Federal Census
Ohio > Geauga > Burton > District 0004
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6224/records/72491910
Book page: 2B, Digital page: 4/14, Entries 88 through 91.
Note: They have a Boarder and a Hired Hand.

Burton Township and The Village Green

(2) — four records

Ohio History Connection
Remarkable Ohio, 9-28 Burton, Ohio —
First Permanent Settlement in Geauga County / The Village Green
https://remarkableohio.org/marker/9-28-burton-ohio-first-permanent-settlement-in-geauga-county-the-village-green/

National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks
Program Records, 2013–2017
Burton Village Historical District
https://catalog.archives.gov/id/71988681

1927 Burton Township Tax Map
indicating the properties of the Lemuel White family
Note: There are three important steps to access this file:
1) Go to this link:
https://adp.geauga.oh.gov/departments/department-of-archives-and-records/history-and-research/records-available-for-research/
2) Select this link: Tax Maps See Geauga County Engineer’s Historical Maps
3) Refer to this graphic below for navigation. In the window that appears in the lower left-hand position of the screen, go to Burton township, (it matches the image below). Click on the small red star labeled 1927. (it will then highlight as green). The map will show up in the right-hand window.

This is enlarged for clarity. *Good luck with the actual website!*

Burton Collage:
The Cleveland Memory Project
Burton Memory Project
https://www.clevelandmemory.org/burton/

Lemuel, Jennie Ada, and Their Children

(3) — fourteen records

[Photo of the White family]
Ralph, Jennie, Blanche, Lemuel, and Forrest WHITE
https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/collection/1030/tree/49710386/person/13176201095/media/0ba18aa2-b334-457b-bb9d-8b3f55b6b5ed?queryId=6fc10f41-43d7-4754-b762-9f4a00d8ff71&searchContextTreeId=&searchContextPersonId=&_phsrc=Nzf6&_phstart=successSource

Blanche Marie (White) Hickox
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/65197524/blanche-marie-hickox
Notes: Additional material from the findagrave.com website —
BIRTH: 3 Oct 1892 Burton, Geauga County, Ohio, USA
DEATH: 30 May 1949 (aged 56) Geauga County, Ohio, USA

[Photo of Blanche Marie White, younger)
Blanche Marie WHITE
https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/collection/1030/tree/27776269/person/12555699177/media/1b894498-8670-431d-a3b1-40fe70b5ccad?galleryindex=1&sort=-created

[Photo of Blanche Marie (White) Hickox, older]
WHITE, Blanche Marie
https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/collection/1030/tree/27776269/person/12555699177/media/5f2c3a17-c60b-422b-8992-5f20ba075191?galleryindex=2&sort=-created

John Lynn “Lynn” Hickox
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/65197560/john_lynn_hickox
Notes: Additional material from the findagrave.com website —
BIRTH: 29 Aug 1881, Mesopotamia, Trumbull County, Ohio, USA
DEATH: 18 Sep 1950 (aged 69), Burton Station, Geauga County, Ohio, USA

Forrest L. White 1947 obituary
from his Findagrave.com file.

Forrest Lewcrel White [His middle name is Lemuel].
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29849130/forrest_lewcrel_white
Notes: Additional material from the findagrave.com website —
BIRTH: 16 Jan 1894 Burton, Geauga County, Ohio, USA
DEATH: 12 Feb 1947 (aged 53) Middlefield, Geauga County, Ohio, USA

[Photo of Forrest Lemuel White]
Forest Lemuel WHITE
https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/collection/1030/tree/49710386/person/13423877817/media/e693ae88-aeff-4552-9c65-cb82fc2e712c?queryId=14e90997-5ac3-4fb9-987f-91f4111a2127&searchContextTreeId=&searchContextPersonId=&_phsrc=sUL11&_phstart=successSource

Josephine C (Hubrath) White
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/32512877/josephine-c-white
Notes: Additional material from the findagrave.com website —
BIRTH: 1895 USA
DEATH: 8 Jun 1928 (aged 32–33), Middlefield, Geauga County, Ohio, USA
Note: First wife of Forrest White.

Edith Isabelle (Powell) White
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29849043/edith_isabelle_white
Notes: Additional material from the findagrave.com website —
BIRTH: Jun 1899, New Castle, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, USA
DEATH: 16 Aug 1986 (aged 87), Middlefield, Geauga County, Ohio, USA
Note: Second wife of Forrest White.

Knights of Pythias
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_of_Pythias

Ralph White
Birth – Ohio, County Births, 1841-2003
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:X695-C4C
Book page: 250, Digital page: 159/319 Entry #5526, left page.

Ralph White
in the Ohio, U.S., Births and Christenings Index, 1774-1973
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2541/records/3357416

Ralph H White
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/42393802/ralph-h-white
Notes: Additional material from the findagrave.com website —
BIRTH: 13 Sep 1895
DEATH: 11 May 1951 (aged 55)
Source: Cleveland Press, Reel #127
“White, Ralph H., 1810 E. 227th St., Euclid, husband of Sadie (nee Hoggarth), father of Alice Ada and Wayne Ronald of Euclid, brother of Blanche Hickox and Forest (deceased).” Name: White, Ralph H., Obituary date: May 12, 1951.

Ralph Hiram White
in the U.S., World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918
Ohio > Geauga County > ALL > Draft Card W
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/records?recordId=20041023&collectionId=6482&tid=&pid=&queryId=5e594834-b3a5-40d0-b549-95b1c6a1078c&_phsrc=XgI1&_phstart=successSource
Digital page: 101/190

Generational Change

(4) — four records

Chapter 3: From the “Golden Age” to the Great Depression: 1900-1929.
Citing Frederick Jackson Turner, “The Significance of the Frontier in American History,” American Historical Association, Annual Report for the year 1893, Washington, D.C., pp. 199-227.
https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CDOC-105sdoc24/html/ch3.html

Khan Academy
America Moves to The City
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/the-gilded-age/gilded-age/a/america-moves-to-the-city

Cleveland City Planning Commission
Cleveland In Perspective
https://planning.clevelandohio.gov/cwp/SummaryPersp.php#:~:text=Cleveland%20is%20now%20the%2033rd,most%20populous%20cities%20until%201970.
“Cleveland is now the 33rd largest city in America (in 2000), after having peaked as the 5th largest city in America in 1920 and having held onto a position in America’s top ten most populous cities until 1970.”

Art.com
Greetings from Cleveland, Ohio
https://www.art.com/products/p53776141616-sa-i6092797/greetings-from-cleveland-ohio.htm
Note: Vintage postcard image.

The Hines Line, A Narrative

Preface

Some family relationships are hidden in plain sight.

When I was in fourth grade, my teacher Mrs. Blackington, was teaching us about how to refer to different relatives. When I was called to go to the chalkboard and list my Grandmothers — I wrote three names: Grandma Gore, Grandma Bond, Grandma Lemr. Then I took my seat. There was a little buzz going on in the classroom because I had written three names, and Mrs. Blackington told me that I was wrong. No one can have three grandmothers. I pushed my glasses back, and insisted I was right. This went back-and-forth between us for a minute or so. I was feeling a bit defiant that day, so I stood up at my desk and insisted that I was correct. We had reached détente, but she told me I needed to go home and “discuss this matter” with my parents.

It turns out that our mother Marguerite had a previous marriage that I did not know about. When my sister Susan and I talked about this years later, she expressed amazement that we lived in a very small township, that everybody already knew the story, and yet “no one said anything”.

This is how I came to learn that “Grandma” Lemr was more of an honorific title. In her life she was Elizabeth “Bessie” (Hines) Peterman Lemr, the mother of Clarence Arthur Peterman, Jr., my mother’s first husband. (See The Peterman Line, A Narrative).

— Thomas, with Susan

Introduction — Newfoundland was an Anomaly…in the British Empire

Our narrative begins in Newfoundland, the most eastern province of Canada, officially known as Newfoundland and Labrador. “The first European contact with North America was that of the medieval Norse settlers arriving via Greenland. For several years after AD 1000 they lived in a village on the tip of the Great Northern Peninsula, known today as L’Anse aux Meadows.”

St. John’s, NL, 1786, “A View of St. John’s and Fort Townsend.”
Courtesy of Library and Archives Canada (R5434 C-002545).

“Newfoundland was an anomaly in the expanding British Empire of the 17th and 18th centuries, because it was considered primarily as an industry rather than as a colony — as an activity rather than as a society.”

“European fishers had been working off Newfoundland and Labrador’s coasts for about 100 years by the turn of the 17th century. Most arrived by May or June to exploit abundant cod stocks before returning overseas in the late summer or early fall. Known as the transatlantic migratory fishery, the enterprise prospered until the early 19th century when it gave way to a resident industry.

As the number of permanent settlers at Newfoundland and Labrador increased throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, the lifestyles of workers engaged in the fishery changed. The household became an important part of the industry because resident fishers were increasingly able to rely on relatives for assistance instead of on hired hands. At the same time, the emergence of the seal hunt and other winter industries allowed fishers to diversify into other sectors and work year-round. A growing resident population also led to dramatic social and political changes, giving fishers and their families access to schools, churches, hospitals, poor relief, and many other services and institutions.

Despite these developments, many similarities remained between fishers in the 19th century and their 17th-century counterparts. Handlines, small open boats, and other gear remained largely unchanged since the days of the migratory fishery, as did the basic techniques of salting and drying fish. Inshore fishers of both the 17th and 19th centuries lived in coastal areas that were close to cod stocks, and they rowed to fishing grounds each morning before returning home in the evening or night.

Codfish painting by Charles M. Harden, courtesy of Fine Art America

The migratory fishery was a seasonal industry that required most of its workers to live in Newfoundland and Labrador on a temporary basis only, usually during the spring and summer when cod were plentiful in offshore waters. France, Spain, and Portugal participated in the early migratory fishery, but it was England that eventually dominated the industry, each year dispatching shiploads of fishers from its West Country ports.

Despite the dangers and expenses associated with annually sending thousands of men across the Atlantic, British fish merchants and government officials did not initially want to establish year-round settlements at Newfoundland and Labrador. The region had limited agricultural potential and offered few opportunities for winter work, which meant the state would likely have to spend large sums of money supporting colonists. Fish merchants also feared a resident industry would interfere with their profits from the lucrative cod trade.

England’s West Country eventually dominated Newfoundland and Labrador’s early migratory fishery. Painting by Nicholas Pocock. From Stanley Hutton, *Bristol and its Famous Associations* (Bristol: J.W. Arrowsmith, 1907)

As a result, most fishers working at Newfoundland and Labrador in the 17th and 18th centuries were not permanent residents. They instead travelled across the Atlantic each year in large ocean-going vessels and spent only a few months overseas before returning west in the late summer or early fall. During this time, the vast majority of fishing people were separated from their families and their homes.

The lifestyle of fishers remained largely unchanged until the migratory fishery gave way to a resident industry in the early 1800s. The number of permanent settlers at Newfoundland and Labrador gradually increased during the 17th and 18th centuries for a variety of reasons. Planters and merchants hired caretakers to overwinter on the island and guard fishing gear; wars sometimes made it difficult for people to cross the Atlantic and return home; and the emergence of proprietary colonies in the 1600s helped create a foundation for permanent settlement. The Irish and English women who began to come to Newfoundland and Labrador in greater numbers during the 1700s, often to work as servants for resident planters, were crucial to settlement. Many married migratory fishers or male servants and settled on the island to raise families.” (3)

“By the end of the 18th century a mixed English-Irish society was emerging in Newfoundland that was to develop a distinct character, in part because its existence had never been intended… The population was approximately 20,000 by the 1790s, and double that by 1815.” (1)

A Settler’s Life in Newfoundland and Labrador 1780-1840 (short video)

An excellent resource for understanding this time and place is found is found in this short ten minute video. Please take time to watch it. (2)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bU1hWWDnSY&t=550s

We observed while researching this family line, that there was a great deal of variability in how the family surname was recorded. We have seen: Hynes, Hinds, Hinde, Haines, and Hines. For this narrative we will use the spelling Hines.

The Birth of James Hines

Into this population of Newfoundland immigrants, we commence our narrative with James Hines, the first ancestor we were able to find on record. His parents/grandparents may have been a part of the migratory population of Fishers that crossed the ocean from Ireland or England to fish the waters of Newfoundland. He was born in 1817 in Grand Banks, Newfoundland, Canada. The records indicate he married Jane Thornhill on October 2, 1833, in Fortune, Newfoundland. Jane was born on May 15, 1819, and baptized in Grand Bank, Newfoundland. She may have had a twin sister named Elizabeth. She was the daughter of William Thornhill and Ruth (?) whose last name may have been Baggs. The death dates for both James and Jane are unknown.

James and Jane had three children: George, Phebe, and James Wilson. Their eldest son was George Hines, whom we shall write about next.

Newfoundland, circa 1900 (Map image courtesy of Marionopolis College)

George Hines (Hynes) was born in Fortune, Newfoundland, Canada in 1837. He died on January 17, 1909, also in Fortune. It is from his death record that we determined his birth year, since we have not located a birth record. He married Sarah Hickman on June 6, 1864, in Fortune, where she had been born on June 30, 1847. She died on September 14, 1890 in Grand Bank, Newfoundland. Her parents were Robert Hickman and Grace Gallope Keeping.

George and Sarah had nine children, all of whom were born in Fortune, Newfoundland. Their eldest son, George Thomas Hines, furthers our narrative. (3)

Fortune, Newfoundland, circa 1890 (Image courtesy of facebook.com)

The Family Moves to York County, Ontario

Like the generations before him, George Thomas Hines was born in Fortune, on October 6, 1864. He married Olivia Forward Kelley there on August 14, 1886, and he died on June 25, 1921 in York, York County, Ontario. Olivia was born on September 15, 1863 in Fortune, and she died in York on December 30, 1944. They had seven children, all of whom were born in Newfoundland, except for their youngest son, John Oliver Mowt Hines, who was born in Toronto. The 1911 Canada census tells us that the family had relocated to York in the year 1906.

We learned that Olivia’s parents were Samuel Kelley and Jane Lake. Samuel was born about 1834, and died in 1854 in Newfoundland. His parents are Laurence Kelley and Margaret Forsey. Jane was born in Fortune on February 14, 1840. Samuel Kelley and Jane Lake married on September 27, 1860 in Fortune, Newfoundland. Jane (Lake) Kelley’s father, James Lake, was born in 1799 and died in 1854 in Fortune, Newfoundland. Jane’s mother was Susannah Gallope born in 1797 in Fortune. Her death date is unknown. James Lake married Susannah Gallope on May 10, 1835 in Fortune, Newfoundland.

“Who’s a good boy?”
Newfoundland postage stamp. Courtesy of arpinphilately.com

In the George Thomas Hines and Olivia Forward Kelley family, there are seven children. We did not locate birth records for all of the children, so marriage or death information was used to access the birth dates.

The first six children were born in either Fortune or Grand Bank, Newfoundland. The last child was born in Toronto, Canada.

Samuel George Hines (birth record name is Sam George) – born January 28, 1887
Pricilla Tryphena Keeping Hines – born September 20, 1889 (death dates for Sam and Pricilla are unknown)
Emma Jane Hardy Hines – born August 28, 1892 and died April 22, 1985 in Middlefield, Geauga County, Ohio
Elizabeth “Bessie” Patten Hines – born July 19, 1900 and died March 10, 1978 in Windber, Somerset County, Pennsylvania
Frederick James Hines – born October 19, 1902 and died April 27, 1931 in Toronto, Ontario Canada
Alfred Charles Wood Hines – born about 1903 – death date unknown
John Oliver Mowt Hines – born May 17, 1910 and died October 22, 1976 in Scarborough (Toronto), Ontario, Canada

Their fourth child, Elizabeth “Bessie” Patten Hines, figures more prominently in our narrative. (4)

After Fortune, the Hines Family in Toronto

We could not locate the 1901 Canada census to learn about the family at that time. The first census document we found is the 1911 Canada census. It gives several pieces of information. The two eldest children, Sam and Priscilla, are not on this census. Sam would have been 24, and Priscilla 22, by 1911. If they were still living, there is no record of their whereabouts. (Note: this particular census is a good example of how “misinformation” is given to the census taker. For example: Olivia Hines age does not coincide with her birth date — it is off by five years. Frederick is identified as James K., and Alfred is identified as Frederick C.)

Additional information learned, is that the family immigrated from Newfoundland to Toronto, Canada in 1906. At that time the children were living at home. George Hines is working as a laborer, his wife Olivia is working as a washerwoman and the eldest daughter Emma, age 19, is a clerk in a millinery department. (Hat-making or millinery, is the design, manufacture, and sale of hats and head-wear. A person engaged in this trade is called a milliner or hatter.) The remainder of the children are either in school, or too young for school. They identify their religion as Methodist.

The 1921 Canada census tells us that George Thomas Hines was 57 years old and working as a teamster. Living in the home was Olivia age 55, James F. (Frederick) age 19, Alfred age 17, (John) Oliver age 10. The family indicates they are no longer Methodist, but Baptist.

Four generations from left to right: Olivia (Kelley) Hines, Emma Jane (Hines) Wright, Edna Winifred (Wright) Gardner and (in the foreground) Barbara Mae Gardner, circa late 1930s

We also learned that here were other changes within the family. In 1912, Emma Jane Hines had married Alan Hamilton Wright in Ontario, Canada. During their marriage they had five children, all born in Canada. Edna Wright 1913-2003, Vernon “Bill” Wright 1916-1937, Margaret Wright 1919-1921, June Dorothy Wright 1923-2010 and Elizabeth “Betts” Wright 1924 – death unknown. Their daughter June was a life-long friend to our mother Marguerite (Gore) Peterman Bond, and was also a cousin to Clarence Arthur Peterman, our mother’s first husband.

June Dorothy Wright, circa 1940 The photo inscription reads: “To Geet” June’s nickname for Marguerite (Gore) Peterman Bond.

Additionally on the Hines family 1921 Census, Elizabeth/Bessie (Hines) Peterman and her son Clarence Arthur Peterman, Jr. were living with her parents. For some reason, her name on the census is “Mary”. In 1920, her husband Clarence is living in Indianapolis, Indiana with the Stroud family and working as an auto mechanic. (See The Peterman Line, A Narrative)

As that blog post explains: “It seems that while he was in Toronto Clarence Arthur Peterman met, or knew, Elizabeth Patten Hines. At that time, she went by the name Bessie. Later in her life, she was known as Betty Lemr. On August 23, 1918, she gave birth to a son, Clarence Arthur Peterman, Jr. Two weeks later, on September 6, 1918, she and Clarence Sr. were married. On their marriage certificate his occupation is listed as soldier. Bessie returned to York to live with her parents, and Clarence returned to Toronto. The separation may have been because of his service in the Royal Flying Corps, or because they did not intend to live together.”

On June 25, 1921, George Thomas Hines died of a pulmonary disease, most likely COPD. He is buried at the Prospect Cemetery in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Within a couple of years, the Hines siblings — including Bessie (Hines) Peterman — began crossing from Toronto to Cleveland, Ohio.

In October 1923, Alfred Charles Hines crossed into the United States at Buffalo, New York to visit a friend. It is not known how long he stayed. In August 1936, he married Clementine Ellen Williams in Toronto. There is no further information about Alfred Charles Hines. His wife Clementine (Williams) Hines died in 1975, in Toronto, Canada.

Euclid Avenue at the corner of East 105th Street, Cleveland, Ohio, circa 1920s. Courtesy of the Cleveland Memory Project.

Also in October 1923, Frederick James Hines applied for Naturalization in the United States. By all accounts, Frederick James Hines’s adult life was tragic. After he entered the United States and settled in Cleveland, he brought his fiancé, Ann Jane Arbour, to Ohio. In May 1924, she entered the U.S., destination Cleveland. Frederick and Ann were married on June 7, 1924, in Cleveland, Ohio. Ann Jane (Arbour) Hines died tragically in Cleveland on July 12, 1924, barely a month after their marriage. Her cause of death is unknown. At some point Frederick J. Hines returned to Canada. On August 16, 1930, he married Gladys Love in Toronto, Canada. Eight months into this marriage, Frederick died on April 27, 1931, of tuberculosis. He is buried at the Prospect Cemetery in Toronto with his parents.

The youngest brother, John Oliver Mowt Hines, remained in Canada. He married Catherine Josephine McLellan on September 23, 1936. John died on October 22, 1976 in Scarborough, Ontario, Canada.

After her husband died in 1921, Olivia (Kelley) Hines spent the rest of her life in Toronto and died on December 30, 1944 in Toronto. She lived to be 81 years old and is buried at the Prospect Cemetery in Toronto with her husband and son. (5)

Bessie/Betty Married Frank Lemr…

On January 3, 1924, Betty (as she now called herself) entered the United States in Buffalo, New York with her five year old son, Clarence “Art” Peterman. Her destination was Cleveland, Ohio to visit her sister Emma Jane (Hines) Wright. Presumably, she did not return to Canada. There are no other records of her leaving or re-entering the United States. On April 25, 1929 she married Frank Lemr in Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio. They never had any children together. In 1936, her son Art Peterman met, and then married, our mother Marguerite Lulu (Gore) Peterman Bond.

In 1937 their first child, James Elwyn, died within hours of his birth. Their next two children, Jo Ann and John Alfred Peterman, are the linkage from the Hines/Petermans to the Bonds. Art and Marguerite Peterman’s marriage ended in 1942. Marguerite married Dean Phillip Bond in 1946. At Art’s request, Dean legally adopted Jo Ann and John. Their last name was now Bond. Dean and Marguerite went on to have four more children. Art had married Dorothy Weyant and they had a son, Dennis. They moved to Pennsylvania. (see The Peterman Line, A Narrative).

On July 10, 1942, Betty Lemr became a naturalized United States citizen.

All of this brings us to memories and remembrances of Betty. She is the link that ties us together as one family. She was the natural grandmother to Jo Ann and John, the “Grandma Lemr” referred to in the preface. As the Bond family grew, the Lemrs were always close by. There was never any discussion about Marguerite’s marriage to Art Peterman. Betty and Frank were just our Grandma and Grandpa Lemr.

Jo Ann (Peterman/ Bond) White, featured in *The Plain Dealer* newspaper, (Cleveland, Ohio),
Sunday, June 8, 1997

They would do small things for all of the children such as attend birthdays, holidays, graduations, and other special occasions. In 1957, the year Jo Ann Bond was a senior in high school, Betty bought her a beautiful black and white Prom dress. Jo Ann kept the dress and was still able to it wear many years later — even at her 30 year high school class reunion.

In the 1950s Betty was a cook for Newbury School. She was a friendly voice that for many years was was lovingly remembered by the students.

Betty started a catering business in the early 1960s. She and Marguerite focused their entertainment and cooking skills on weddings. These were small weekend affairs where the guests ate canapes, buffet items, and wedding cake. The main table was covered with a white table cloth and tulle to match the wedding party’s color scheme. There were silver platters and a silver tea service to add to the formal occasion. Often the “kids” were enlisted to help with the serving, or hauling items in and out of the reception. We might get paid as much as $5.

Four generations together: Foreground: Marjorie Ann (Narusch) Bond, John Alfred Bond, Second row, left: Mary (Schott) Narusch, Thomas Narusch, Mary (Muck) Muth Schall, holding Linda Christine Bond, Betty (Hines) Peterman Lemr, holding Catherine Marie (Bond) Brigham, Frank Lemr, circa December 1963. Photograph provided courtesy of their great-granddaughter > granddaughter > daughter Heidi Louise (Bond) Lahammer

The great-grandchildren sometimes had sleep-overs at the Lemr’s home. Betty, who never had a daughter, loved to set the girls’ hair in curlers so they would look cute for church on Sunday. Betty attended Newbury United Community Church on Sunday and always sat in the very last pew.

She had a collection of tea cups she kept on display in her living room. As children we were afraid to go into that room for fear of breaking something. A fun pastime was to play in the creek that ran behind their house, occasionally having to peel off any slugs that (unfortunately) may have become attached.

As Betty grew older, she drove a brown Duster car. Once she was visiting and left the car running with the keys locked inside. She didn’t even realize it until the kids came inside and asked why her car was still on! And there was always the matched set of outfits for the four great-granddaughters. Betty probably thought it was cute to dress all of the girls alike, even though the girls might not agree!

Ralph and Emma (Hines) Wright Daniels, with Frank and Betty (Hines) Peterman Lemr circa 1950’s

Frank Lemr, for many years, was active in the Masons (the secret fraternal order of Free and Accepted Masons), and Betty was busy in its auxiliary organization, Eastern Star. It’s likely that Frank probably started attending meetings at the main lodge in downtown Cleveland, and then they eventually shifted their membership from there, to the Lyndhurst Lodge when they moved to Geauga County. Freemasonry is defined as “…an international fraternity for men (although there are also some lodges for women). [It] is not a religion, but its beliefs are heavily influenced by 18th and 19th century Deism and Universalism. Masons must only swear a belief in a Divine Being, … religion, as well as politics, are forbidden topics in any lodge. How one worships is one’s own private business. All Masonry demands is that you do have religious beliefs to rest your moral development on.”

From Wikipedia: The **Square and Compasses** joined is the single most identifiable symbol of Freemasonry. Both the square and compasses are architect’s tools and are used in Masonic ritual as emblems to teach symbolic lessons.

Betty and Frank Lemr lived for many years in their house on Music Street, in Newbury Township, Geauga County, Ohio. Frank died of a heart attack on December 8, 1967. He had just begun his retirement. He is buried at the Acacia Masonic Memorial Park in Mayfield Heights, Cuyahoga, Ohio. Betty died on March 10, 1978 in Windber, Pennsylvania. (She had moved to Pennsylvania to be near her son Art Peterman). She is buried with her husband at the Acacia Masonic Memorial Park in Mayfield Heights. (6)

Good advice is always helpful. Image courtesy of facebook.com

The story of the Hines family began in Fortune, Newfoundland, Canada and spread to many parts of the United States and Canada. At the time they lived there, Fortune was very small, and also apparently, refreshingly honest. We found this photo and thought it would be a great one with which to end our Hines Narrative.

Following are the footnotes for the Primary Source Materials,
Notes, and Observations

Introduction, Newfoundland was an Anomaly…in the British Empire

(1) — three records

History of Newfoundland and Labrador
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador

Voluntary Settlement: The Peopling of Newfoundland to 1820
https://www.heritage.nf.ca/articles/exploration/voluntary-settlement.php

Lifestyle of Fishers, 1600-1900
https://www.heritage.nf.ca/articles/economy/fishers-lifestyle.php

Settler’s Life in Newfoundland and Labrador 1780-1840 (short video)

(2) — one record

YouTube.com
A Settler’s Life in Newfoundland and Labrador 1780-184
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bU1hWWDnSY

The Birth of James Hines

(3) — eight records

James Hynes
in the Newfoundland, Canada, Births, Marriages, and Deaths, 1757-1901
Burin > Grand Bank (Methodist) > Marriage 1817-1892, Vol. 106
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/172764:61507?tid=&pid=&queryId=96312ef920e31f1eae4fbf00d44cdfaf&_phsrc=zVN4&_phstart=successSource
Digital page: 9/77, Entry 2.

Jane Thornhill
in the Newfoundland, Canada, Births, Marriages, and Deaths, 1757-1901
Burin > Grand Bank (Methodist) > Birth 1817-1860, Vol. 108
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/177630:61507?tid=&pid=&queryId=ea4ba1de8ee3f3f9a57b0f213ed31f06&_phsrc=fyU17&_phstart=successSource
Digital page: 2/73, Entry 7.

Hynes Family Tree https://www.familysearch.org/tree/pedigree/landscape/LZN5-WNH

George Hines (Hynes), Newfoundland, Canada,
Births, Marriages, and Deaths, 1850-1949
Deaths 1907-1910, Volume 05
https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/61508/images/FS_004554312_00535?pId=290682
Book page: 437, Digital page: 367/420, Entry 35.
Note: His death age of 72 in 1909, calculates to an 1837 birth year.
and here:
George Hines
in the Ontario, Canada, Toronto Trust Cemeteries, 1826-1989
Prospect Cemetery > Volume 02, 1917-1921
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/124663:61504?tid=&pid=&queryId=c57b2b56a6f5be3e205d578197271e57&_phsrc=nCc1&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 264, Digital page: 157/179, Entry 26467.
Note: Death age is not correct.

Sarah Hickman
Vital – Canada, Newfoundland, Vital Statistics, 1753-1893
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QK9Y-SPQ9
Digital page: 129/172, Entry 1.

Sarah Hickman
Vital – Canada, Newfoundland, Vital Statistics, 1753-1893
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QK9Y-3HY8
Digital page: 166/193, Entry 8.

Sarah Hickman (death record )
https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/109213947/person/412361910589/facts?_phsrc=Twf5&_phstart=successSource
Note: No supporting documentation provided for this date.

The Family Moves to York County, Ontario

(4) — fourteen records

George Thomas Hinds
in the Newfoundland, Canada, Births, Marriages, and Deaths, 1757-1901
Burin > Grand Bank (Methodist) > Birth 1859-1892, Vol. 106
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61507/records/171494?tid=&pid=&queryId=7e9d5ee5-415b-48e0-b9a9-a78817f88416&_phsrc=oZQ1&_phstart=successSource
Digital page: 17/95, Entry 16.

Olivia Kelly
in the Newfoundland, Canada, Births, Marriages, and Deaths, 1757-1901
Burin > Fortune (Methodist) > Marriage 1851-1891, Vol. 105
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61507/records/900171112?tid=&pid=&queryId=03e2f7fc-9755-4b29-830e-765ee5528353&_phsrc=oZQ7&_phstart=successSource
Digital page: 9/16, Entry 8.

George Hines
in the Ontario, Canada, Toronto Trust Cemeteries, 1826-1989
Prospect Cemetery > Volume 02, 1917-1921
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/124663:61504?tid=&pid=&queryId=c57b2b56a6f5be3e205d578197271e57&_phsrc=nCc1&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 264, Digital page: 157/179, Entry 26467.
Note: Death age is not correct.

Olivia Forward Kelley (birth record)
Vital – Canada, Newfoundland, Vital Statistics, 1753-1893 https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QK9Y-799C?from=lynx1UIV8&treeref=LL97-53K
Digital page: 56/99, Entry: 7.
and here:
Samuel Kelley
in the Newfoundland, Canada, Births, Marriages, and Deaths, 1850-1949
Births 1861-1865, Box 02
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/15118153:61508?tid=&pid=&queryId=b1092bb15d2571478f551ef11b7e0600&_phsrc=saf12&_phstart=successSource
Digital page: 196/453

Olivia Hines
in the Ontario, Canada, Deaths and Deaths Overseas, 1869-1950
York > 1945
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/24293382:8946?tid=&pid=&queryId=ff8c03106456bf1b19e7a0370719de96&_phsrc=qrv19&_phstart=successSource
Digital page: 650/10324

George G Hines
in the 1911 Census of Canada
https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=8947&h=6441262&tid=&pid=&queryId=396f70b51e6450e059269b5c389007cc&usePUB=true&_phsrc=JPm16&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 11, Digital page: 11/17, Entries 2 through 8.
Note: This documents that the family immigrated from Newfoundland to Ontario in 1906, and who is living in the household.

Samuel Kelley
in the Newfoundland, Canada, Births, Marriages, and Deaths, 1757-1901
Burin > Grand Bank (Methodist) > Marriage 1817-1892, Vol. 106
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61507/records/172915?tid=&pid=&queryId=e093879c-3f29-484c-8df6-f6916af790c0&_phsrc=oZQ10&_phstart=successSource
Digital page: 28/77, Entry 5.
Note: This is a marriage record which gives his age as 21, but not his birthdate.

James Lake (for birth record)
Mentioned in the Record of Jane Lake (James Lake’s Daughter)
Vital – Canada, Newfoundland, Vital Statistics, 1753-1893 https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QK9Y-QMTC
Digital page: 153/193, Entry 5.

Samuel Kelley
in the Newfoundland, Canada, Births, Marriages, and Deaths, 1757-1901
Burin > Grand Bank (Methodist) > Marriage 1817-1892, Vol. 106
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/172915:61507?tid=&pid=&queryId=8e65f7e76d7091d2624160c4010ea894&_phsrc=saf9&_phstart=successSource
Digital page: 28/77, Entry 5.

James Lake (birth and death references)
https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/6361924/person/-239819151/facts
Note: No supporting documentation provided for these dates.

James Lake
in the Newfoundland, Canada, Births, Marriages, and Deaths, 1757-1901
Burin > Grand Bank (Methodist) > Marriage 1817-1892, Vol. 106
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/172767:61507?tid=&pid=&queryId=e97fa119446810635bbda8bd5d046cab&_phsrc=JhM5&_phstart=successSource
Digital page: 9/77, Entry 5.

Susannah KEARLEY Gallop m-Lake (for birth reference)
https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/164729691/person/412294314208/facts
Note: No supporting documentation provided for this date.

Elizabeth Hynes
in the Newfoundland, Church Records, 1793-1899 (for baptismal record)
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/40523:61509?tid=&pid=&queryId=04f145d844d89ee3fe8a23e694b0f7d2&_phsrc=XMP4&_phstart=successSource
Digital page: 201/406, Left page at center, entry 44.

After Fortune, the Hines Family in Toronto

(5) — ten records listed

George G Hines
in the 1911 Census of Canada
https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=8947&h=6441262&tid=&pid=&queryId=396f70b51e6450e059269b5c389007cc&usePUB=true&_phsrc=JPm16&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 11, Digital page: 11/17, Entries 2 through 8.
Note: This documents that the family immigrated from Newfoundland to Ontario in 1906, and who is living in the household.

George Hines
in the 1921 Census of Canada
Ontario > York South > Sub-District 67 – Toronto (City)
https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/8991/images/1921_101-e003054608?treeid=&personid=&rc=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=qGQ3756&_phstart=successSource&pId=2919208
Book page: 2, Digital page: 3/28, Entry lines 19 through 25.
Note: Bessie (Hines) Peterman’s name is listed as Mary. (Why is that?).

Alan Hamilton Wright and Emma Jane Hines, date unknown.

Alan Hamilton Wright
Marriage – Canada, Ontario, Marriages, 1869-1927
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KS88-C3K?from=lynx1UIV8&treeref=27SR-3Z6
Digital page: 860/1344, Stamped #028049.

John Gardner (for marriage to Edna Wright)
in the New York, U.S., County Marriage Records, 1847-1849, 1907-1936
Chautauqua > 1920-1933
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61377/records/1090041?tid=&pid=&queryId=d89f3f81-29ff-40a8-96e4-e6b3b1b9f5b9&_phsrc=oZQ20&_phstart=successSource
Digital file: 1429/1791, Registered No. 1413.

Edna W Gardner
in the 1940 United States Federal Census
Ohio > Cuyahoga > Cleveland > 92-586
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/34067579:2442?tid=&pid=&queryId=a78932963f99adbe12b9d453ebe8905e&_phsrc=qGQ3803&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 6B, Digital page: 12/18, Entries 65 through 68.

Alan Hamilton Wright
(for the Alan Hamilton Wright and Emma (Hines) Wright family) https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/27SR-3Z6

June Dorothy Wright
https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/sources/2YGB-8JN

Arthur C Peterman
in the 1920 United States Federal Census
Indiana > Marion > Indianapolis Ward 4 > District 0085
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/24261493:6061?tid=&pid=&queryId=6161fb8f8410a6ba915a94a4e7c7194f&_phsrc=PNe19&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 5B, Digital page: 10/24, Entry lines 51 through 55.
Note: He is living as a boarder in the Stroud home.

George Hines (for gravesite)
in the Ontario, Canada, Toronto Trust Cemeteries, 1826-1989
Prospect Cemetery > Volume 02, 1917-1921
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/124663:61504?tid=&pid=&queryId=c57b2b56a6f5be3e205d578197271e57&_phsrc=nCc1&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 264, Digital page: 157/179, Entry 26467.
Note: Death age is not correct.

Ann J Arbour (for marriage to Frederick J. Hines)
in the Cuyahoga County, Ohio, U.S., Marriage Records and Indexes, 1810-1973
1901-1925 > Reel 074 Marriage Records 1924 May – 1924 Jul
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/2660536:1876?tid=&pid=&queryId=050e7e1a9e795512859c9289c3c5b49c&_phsrc=Shc10&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 200, Digital page: 200/500, Second entry from the bottom, Application No. 190999.

Bessie/Betty Married Frank Lemr…

(6) — twelve records listed

New York, Northern Arrival Manifests, 1902-1956 https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q23H-BVVP

Frank Lemr
Marriage – Ohio, County Marriages, 1789-2016
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:2Q72-B9B
Book page: 344, Digital page: 483/922, Left page, Second entry from the bottom, Application No. 243219.

Marguerite Gore in the New York State, Marriage Index, 1881-1967
1936 > Marriage
https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=61632&h=4705770&tid=&pid=&queryId=f5855cd416ad05e5d2312ba1f6b65641&usePUB=true&_phsrc=PNe56&_phstart=successSource
Book page: 1758, Digital page: 1788/2587, Entry #44279.
Note: Click on the document, then forward click until page 1788 of 2587).

Betty Lemr
in the U.S., Naturalization Records Indexes, 1794-1995
Ohio > Cleveland > Lazar-Lyzen
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/1263717:1192?tid=&pid=&queryId=d3032076994ac928eebb1bdf6ce4b8cd&_phsrc=SeP2&_phstart=successSource
Digital page: 953/5627, July 10, 1942, No. 5460844

The Masonic Service Association of North America
(for Freemason History and Information), with excerpts from: https://msana.com
and: https://www.freemason.com/history-of-ohio-freemasonry/
and: https://case.edu/ech/articles/m/masons
and: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_and_Compasses

Frank Lemr
in the Ohio, U.S., Death Records, 1908-1932, 1938-2022
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/3345991:5763?tid=&pid=&queryId=1c7e3484b2a0fe23a9947c46b85dd6a1&_phsrc=nCc8&_phstart=successSource

Frank Lemr Jr.
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/166313097/frank-lemr

Elizabeth “Betty” Hines Lemr
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/166313098/elizabeth_lemr
and here:
Elizabeth “Betty” Hines Lemr
https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/134210998:60525?tid=&pid=&queryId=d3032076994ac928eebb1bdf6ce4b8cd&_phsrc=nCc10&_phstart=successSource